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Idea of observed processing differences being a result of rather then cause of Misophonia

In a 2025 study, Karupaiah et al. investigated multichannel auditory late latency responses (ALLR) in misophonia by comparing P1-N1-P2 peak latencies, amplitudes, and scalp topographies between 15 misophonic and 15 control adult females using a 32-channel EEG passive listening paradigm with a non-trigger speech stimulus (/da/). they found significantly earlier and P1-N1-P2 latencies and reduced N1 amplitudes in the Misophonia group compared to controls, suggesting alerted auditory cortical processing. they then go onto to describe an interesting ambiguity in that it is not clearer if the altered processing is the cause of Misophonia, or if the repeated emotional reactivity to triggers over time caused the altered resposnes, causing reinforced or accelerated auditory pathway responsivity consistent with the neuroplastic changes associated wit learned emotional reflexes (Karupaiah et al., 2025 ).